NEW YORK: The world will unite today on Earth Day, to try to save the planet. Gathered in the grand hall of the General Assembly of the United Nations, more than a hundred leaders fully signed in the historic climate agreement in Paris, the offensive broader nations in the crusade to halt global warming. But even this unprecedented effort may be insufficient to prevent disasters, and plans may fall short to reach the agreed target
More than 165 countries have already committed to sign closed in Paris agreement today, last December, in a ceremony that will bring together heads of state, ministers and diplomats with custody of the secretary General of the United Nations (UN), Ban Ki-moon. It will be the greater adherence to a convention of the body in one day. The previous record dates from 1982, when 119 countries signed the Law of the Sea Convention
A real miracle that began consummated with a historical bilateral agreement between the two largest emitters of greenhouse gases in the world. China and the United States
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a radical shift in the economy Global
The Paris agreement was hailed at the time as a “historic, durable and ambitious” breakthrough. It is, strictly speaking, the first global effort to try to reverse the devastation of warming. Its main component is to set the global commitment to keep the increase in global average temperature below 2 degrees Celsius over pre-industrial levels, and try to limit it to 1.5 degrees.
“It’s a deal historical, and while it falls short on some issues, recognizes the problem, “he plotted the Argentina Foreign Minister Susana Malcorra, who signed the agreement for Argentina.
Malcorra lived from within the intense process of negotiations to the agreement, as chief of staff Ban Ki-moon. Yesterday, recalled the resounding setback of leaders meeting in Copenhagen in 2009, when the round of negotiations in search of a global pact failed miserably and doubted that ever could reach an understanding.
bilateral commitment
But the global community managed to keep the process alive and, in late 2014, an agreement between China and the US, the largest emitters in the world, opened the way for a global pact. At that summit between leaders of the two major engines of the world economy, Barack Obama and his Chinese counterpart, Xi Jinping pledged basically in Beijing to give a respite to the planet.
Until that grip hands between leaders, who sealed a historic understanding, attempts to reach an agreement on climate change had been blocked by the unwillingness of Washington and Beijing to work together on a problem that affects the entire international community. Both countries together produce about 45% of global carbon dioxide emissions, and without active collaboration from any agreement will be worthless.
“We have a special responsibility to lead the global effort against climate change. We hope to encourage all economies to be more ambitious, “Obama said, giving rise to the international convention successfully negotiated a year later.
climate Paris agreement, however, was not spared reviews. While the goal is binding, ie, nations commit themselves to reach, the duties that each country take to achieve it are not.
Thus, the agreement rests on the social, diplomatic and political pressure to achieve your goal. Knowing criticism, Malcorra called the mere fact that there is agreement as a “miracle” and called trust that is the first pillar of a process that no longer will reverse
“There to believe in the irreversibility of the process. what has been achieved is extraordinary, “said the chancellor.
All the larger the largest emitters of greenhouse gases, economies, and indicated that they will sign the agreement. It is the first step to ensure its entry into force as soon as possible. After the signing, countries must open the internal process to join the agreement, ie, ratify, accept or approve it.
United States would not ratify the agreement through the Senate, controlled by Republicans, who still they deny the problem of global warming, but will do so through an “executive agreement” in the orbit of the White House, which leaves open the possibility that a change of political tint in the November general election put at risk progress.
“for the first time, we have an ambitious, long-lasting regime which is fair to all countries, which moves us beyond the categories of developed and developing countries applies” he said a senior State Department in a conference call with reporters.
the agreement will enter into force 30 days after at least 55 signatories have ratified it, provided they represent at least 55% of the global emissions. Among its main demands it requires all countries to take action, while recognizing their situations and circumstances. Each country is responsible for the adoption of measures to mitigate and adapt to the new climate reality.
signals
Beyond the measures taken by each country, the agreement sends a powerful signal to markets about the need to invest in a clean economy.
As a premonition of what can happen if no one lives up to its commitments and the agreement becomes a dead letter, a group of scientists he warned yesterday that the melting of the Arctic this year could equal the record of 2012, when there was the biggest loss ever recorded surface. Global warming in the Arctic is much higher than in other regions of the world by so-called albedo effect, which measures the reflection of sunlight on Earth
Polar physicists German Centre Alfred Wegener presented his calculations in Vienna during the assembly of the European Geosciences Union, where they explained that the current conditions of ice are similar to those of the fateful 2012 “and in some places, the ice is even thinner”.
more peaks ozone in the US.
The vanguard of the green countries
Protect the environment and society with state policies
Finland
Work on the commitment of a neutral society in emissions of greenhouse gases not exceeding the capacity of nature 2050
Iceland
one hundred percent of electricity is from renewable sources (wind, hydro and geothermal energy), and is one of three countries that protects the human health, environmental impact
Sweden
It is emphasized in the care of health from environmental damage, in the use and treatment of water, and is among the top 10 countries that produce renewable energy
Denmark
Combine as few care climate impact on the health of the population; use, treatment and care of water, and the protection of biodiversity
Slovenia
It is the global leader in habitat protection, with performance perfect in the care of natural parks and the preservation of the species, according to Yale’s Environmental Performance Index
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