Seven decades later, La Alcarria still wants its water.
The swamps of Entrepeñas (Guadalajara) and Buendía (Cuenca), which form the headwaters of the Tagus, just verging on 16% of its capacity, which is about 394 cubic hectometres of reserves. This means that the reservoirs from where the water is transferred to Levante have fallen from 400 cubic hectometres, the minimum level set by the legislation from which water can not be pumped to the Segura basin.
The recent drought and approved transfers have revived an lunate in the headwaters of the Tagus landscape. The mud takes over the hills of reservoirs. Garbage lies on the banks. The river in some sections, appears barren, with little fish or wildlife. And some people already suffering the risk of shortages, which continues to be a macabre paradox. They are people who are passing the water in front of their homes, as they are without it because they lack adequate infrastructure provision.
This is the case Chillarón del Rey, on the slope of the Alcarria guadalajareña. A town of barely a hundred inhabitants that takes more than a month sourcing tankers. Its mayor, Julian Palomar, told the world that “trucks come twice a week, but if a fire logs have to deal with the emergency, so we had to make an emergency pit our peril”.
The region of the headwaters of the Tagus is considered battered by the water policy of the past half century. He feels that it has become invisible. That does not exist. That solidarity has neither to ensure the water in their taps. “The weather can not be changed, but the policies themselves. The residents are outraged that the ecological flow of the river is not respected and that the necessary work is not done, not that transfer,” says Francisco Perez Torrecilla, mayor of Sacedón (Guadalajara), with 1,716 inhabitants, is one of the largest populations in the environment. “We few, we do not have noise and political influence,” he summarizes.
discarded the Ebro, the Tagus has been a main residue trasvasista strategy dating back to last century. The Entrepeñas and Buendia reservoirs were built in the 50 after expropriate thousands of hectares in the line between Guadalajara and Cuenca, just more agricultural land quality. Then came the water activities and the trappings of a nascent tourism in the sixties developmental Spain.
Reservoirs, located just an hour and a half from Madrid, were renamed as the Sea of Castile and promotions villas and hotels sprang up like mushrooms. He had wealth and money, truffled with the glamor of the bourgeoisie and the tardofranquismo laminated celebrity.
Manuel Fraga, then provost of the regime, swelled to inaugurate developments in the Tagus. Among them, the New Sierra Albalate de Zorita (Guadalajara), more than 50 million square meters and promoted in the seventies by the employer Teodulfo Harrier, a personal friend of Santiago Carrillo and patron of the Communist Party underground. Local authorities looked askance at his claims. To demonstrate its influence, Harrier organized a cavalcade of Kings, attended by Concha Velasco and Natalia Figueroa, in order to deliver presents peoples of the region. Fraga, who knew of communist militancy Harrier, he finished giving the medal to the tourist merit. The diploma stamped the following date:. July 18, 1968
Life in the headwaters of the Tagus was short. Those alleged pretensions of Madrid coast gave way gradually to a region with an almost nonexistent a meager tourism and economic development, that had nothing to do with the old promises of progress.
“The water belongs to everyone and for everyone, but here we have left without land, without water in reservoirs without investment”, says Palomar. “The law says that the donor basin has priority, and this area never has refused to deliver the water because it is a question of solidarity and common sense. What is not common sense is that then we have to send tanks “he added.
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More than 20 municipalities in the area of the headwaters of the Tagus they have for years divided between those who reject or they compromise resigned to the transfers. If more than coincidence in denouncing the supply works are paralyzed by the national government. Mayor states that Sacedón Tajo basin is 55% of capacity, but this figure ignores the alarming situation of the marshes header. The latter, in effect until October, envisages sending up to 38 hectometres Levante.
In order that the supply problems Chillarón King not extend to other towns in the region expect the Government later terminated the headworks in the town of Morillejo, a pipeline from the Alto Tajo would guarantee the supply. The project began in 2007 with a budget of 60 million euros and should have been executed in 2014, but still not even half the cuts. The work consists of a hydraulic pump to raise the water flow and sent to a nearby water treatment, then discourse by gravity through the network of pipes that supply the fifty towns and whose total population exceeds 40,000.
Jesus Alique, PSOE senator, judges a “nerve” that this initiative is no longer a reality. The popular senator recently Porfirio Herrero said that “the works have been performed normally and false that are paralyzed or slowed down.” The fact is that, in exceptional hydrological situation as this summer, the people of the Tajo still can have generously Tagus water.
The background of this conflict lies in the Tajo-Segura an invention of the socialist Indalecio Prieto in 1932, as Minister of Public Works of the Republic, frustrated by the Civil War. Franco returned to the idea and the transfer was finally approved in 1968, although it was not until 1979 when they reached the Segura basin the first water from the Tajo. Democracy was restored, the aqueduct has remained with governments of the PSOE and the PP.
The irrigators of Murcia considered this work a matter of state essential to ensure the irrigation of the garden. According to a study commissioned by consultancy PwC Union Irrigation of Murcia, the transfer brings 2,364 million euros to the GDP and supports over 100,000 jobs. Further they indicate that the produce in the region of Segura represent about 6% of Spanish exports, with a surplus of over 6,500 million euros.
In the header reservoirs, the situation is more distressing. Miguel Angel Sanchez, spokesman for the Platform in defense of the Tagus and Alberche, estimated in late September there will only be 280 hm3 Entrepeñas and Buendia, well below the 400 hm3 trasvasables not. This does not ensure even the uses of the river Tagus own. “We will enter in the first days of August in official state of emergency throughout the Tagus, from Bolarque to Talavera” he stresses.
The head of the Tagus threatens to become a tub of mud that is not capable of assuming the transfer. The river has lost 50% of contributions in the last 35 years, something “unacceptable and that in practice resembles a colonialist plunder,” said Sanchez, for whom the situation is only comparable to that experienced in the 90s, when reserves They fell from 240 cubic hectometres.
Now the anguish looms again in the Sea of Castile. The critic Robert Kirsner defined the Journey to the Alcarria as “an infinite journey into the heart of Spain”, and some of that must be because they remain anchored hindrances that seemed extinct in a country whose currency should reach every corner. In Chillarón remember King sarcastically that “the Tagus flows into the Atlantic, not the Mediterranean.”
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